Android has quite a nice system to allow translation and localization of apps. You store all your strings in an xml file abstracted from your code called strings.xml. You can then provide a different strings.xml for each language you want to support by storing the new strings.xml in a separate values folder. For example, if I translated an app to Irish, I would add a new values folder values-ga as ga is the two letter language code for Irish. Then I would place my new translated strings.xml into that folder.
Here's an example of how I added Irish language support to my Jupiter Broadcasting app
https://github.com/ShaneQful/Jupiter-Broadcasting-Android-App/commit/ff2d82609839f44915652bd9c98a49ab889e5bc5
As you may have noticed from some of my earlier posts. I'm a great believer in providing software, especially opensource software to users in their own language so I have created a form to allow users to easily translate the JB app to their native tongue.
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1m7tkmIxdvCA9effm-_BAH1azW-EtwZWElOx7qlecchE/viewform
I also encourage anyone who would like to have a slightly more impressive Github profile to copy my example commit and send me a pull request with a strings.xml in a language which you know well*.
Another way to get involved in open source translation is to create a launchpad account and start translating your favourite project on launchpad. I myself have helped with the translation of Ubuntu's Unity and MojoSetup, an opensource cross-platform installer used by many Humble Bundle games, to the Irish language.
* Please don't just use Google translate I want the experience to be as good as possible for users.
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